What is Acitretin?
Acitretin is a medication that is prescribed to treat certain skin conditions, particularly psoriasis and to reduce the frequency of squamous cell carcinoma in high risk individuals. It is a form of vitamin A and works by slowing down the growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation.
Indication:
- Psoriasis
- Chemoprophylaxis (prevention) for SCC
- Ichthyosis
- Pityriasis rubra pilaris
- Mycosis fungoides
- Chronic hand eczema
Contraindications:
Do not take Acitretin if you:
1. Are pregnant or planning to become pregnant soon.
2. Are breastfeeding.
3. Have liver disease.
4. Have a history of alcohol abuse.
5. Have an allergy to Acitretin or any of its components.
6. Uncontrolled elevated blood lipids.
Safety during Pregnancy or Lactation:
**Acitretin is not safe during pregnancy.**
Pregnancy must be avoided for at least 3 years after stopping Acitretin. It is crucial that you use two forms of effective contraception methods during treatment and for a significant time afterward. Discuss contraception options with your healthcare provider.
Drug Interactions:
Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking. Acitretin may interact with other drugs, including certain antibiotics and oral contraceptives, which can reduce their effectiveness.
Common Side Effects:
– Dry skin and lips
– Dry eyes
– Muscle aches or joint pain
– Hair and nail thinning
– Elevated cholesterol levels
Rare but Serious Side Effects:
While uncommon, Acitretin can lead to more severe side effects, such as:
– Liver problems (unexplained nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dark urine, jaundice)
– Severe mood changes or depression
– Severe headache, blurred vision, dizziness, or clumsiness
– Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, difficulty breathing)
Monitoring Tests:
You will have regular blood tests to monitor your liver function, cholesterol levels, and blood cell counts. These tests help ensure your safety while on Acitretin.
Precautions:
1. Avoid alcohol during Acitretin treatment and for a few months after discontinuation. Acitretin and alcohol can have a harmful interaction with your liver.
2. Limit sun exposure and use sunscreen as Acitretin can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight.
3. Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water to minimize the risk of dry skin and lips.
4. Use effective contraception if you are of childbearing potential.
5. Avoid waxing and ablative laser treatments.
Dosing Plan:
Please remember to follow instructions and attend all scheduled follow-up appointments. If you experience any unusual or severe side effects, contact me immediately otherwise please attend the nearest emergency department for assessment.
If you have any questions or doubts, please don’t hesitate to ask.
Dr Anes Yang 