What is Seborrheic Dermatitis?
Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition that primarily affects the scalp, face, and other areas with a high concentration of oil glands. It is characterised by redness, inflammation, and flaking of the skin. While the exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not fully understood, factors such as genetics, hormones, yeast overgrowth (Malassezia), and certain environmental factors may contribute to its development.
Symptoms of Seborrheic Dermatitis:
- Redness and inflammation of the affected areas, commonly on the scalp, face (especially around the eyebrows, nose, and ears), chest, and back.
- Itchy or burning sensation on the skin and scalp.
- Flaky, greasy, or crusty patches of skin.
- Dandruff-like flakes on the scalp or eyebrows.
- Hair loss in severe cases (usually temporary).
Treatment Options:
- Topical Antifungal Medications:
- Over-the-counter shampoos or creams containing ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or pyrithione zinc can help reduce the growth of yeast on the skin and alleviate symptoms.
- Apply the shampoo to the affected areas, leave it on for a few minutes, and then rinse thoroughly. Repeat as directed.
Recommendations: Dercos Shampoo, Nizoral 2% Shampoo, T-Gel Shampoo, Selsun Gold.
- Topical Corticosteroids:
- Mild corticosteroid creams or lotions can help reduce inflammation and itching associated with seborrheic dermatitis.
- It’s important to use corticosteroids under the guidance of a dermatologist, as long-term use can lead to skin thinning and other side effects.
Clobex shampoo maximum once a week. Apply to the scalp and leave on for a few minutes before washing off.
Mometosone Furoate lotion can be applied twice a day to the scalp.
- Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors:
- Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are topical immunomodulators that can be used as an alternative to corticosteroids, especially in sensitive areas like the face.
- These medications help suppress the immune response that contributes to inflammation.
- Antifungal Oral Medications:
- In severe cases or when topical treatments fail to provide relief, oral antifungal medications such as fluconazole or itraconazole may be prescribed.
- These medications are usually reserved for cases of widespread or resistant seborrheic dermatitis.
- Lifestyle and Home Remedies:
- Gentle cleansing: Use a mild, fragrance-free cleanser to wash the affected areas, and avoid harsh soaps or cleansers that can irritate the skin.
- Moisturise: Apply a non-comedogenic moisturiser to the affected areas to help soothe dryness and reduce flaking.
- Avoid triggers: Identify and avoid factors that trigger flare-ups, such as stress, cold weather, and certain skincare products.
- Sun protection: Protect your skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays by wearing sunscreen daily, especially on exposed areas like the face and scalp.
- Dry hair well at the roots.
Conclusion:
Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition that can be managed with proper treatment and care. By following a consistent skincare regimen and working closely with a dermatologist, you can alleviate symptoms, reduce flare-ups, and improve the overall health and appearance of your skin.
Dr Anes Yang 